VAT on revenue
VAT liability is tricky to get right.
You’re required to account for VAT yourself.
You’re expected to read HMRC guidance. But if the guidance is ambiguous and you rely on it, you may be penalised.
VAT on costs
Recovering input VAT (tax paid on your purchases and expenses) is a key feature of the VAT system.
In reality, it isn’t always clear what can be recovered, how much and in which situations. And without a professional eye for detail, your right to input VAT recovery can fail for numerous reasons such as documentation issues, missing clauses in legal agreements and inefficient group structure.
Complexity at all sizes
Small charities and growing businesses often face the similarly intricate VAT rules and procedures as major banks or insurers, but with far fewer resources to manage them.
Whatever the size of your organisation, you’re expected to get it right from day one.
Why work with us
Focused on the end result
Before jumping into the detail, we get to know your ideal outcome and how to get you there
Tailored approach
Our advice is shaped around your specific circumstances: no one-size-fits-all solutions
Global expertise
Wherever you operate, we support you by combining international reach with local insight
Specialists in major sectors
Benefit from our advisers’ detailed knowledge of how VAT varies between key industries
Strong relationships with HMRC
We understand how to respond to HMRC VAT enquiry questions – giving you confidence in a better outcome
Services covered
Property
- Purchase and sale
- Development, construction, conversion and renovation
- Ongoing management and VAT compliance
- Capital adjustments
Education
- Academy trusts and local authority schools
- Grant funding
- Exempt and taxable turnover
- Partial exemption
Financial services and insurance
- VAT liability
- Intermediary exemption
- Restructuring
- Partial exemption
Charity and not-for-profit
- Business/non-business apportionment
- Grant income
- Capital projects
International goods and services
- Supply chain planning
- Multinational VAT groups
- Local expertise

Securing a VAT apportionment waiver
Challenge
A charity with £1bn in assets spent significant time preparing business/non-business apportionment calculations – time which could have been better spent investing in breakthrough medical treatments.
What we did
We performed a detailed review of their context and ideal outcome. We then negotiated with HMRC on their behalf with detailed evidence on their business activity.
Outcome
We obtained a written waiver from HMRC so that our client did not have to perform business/non-business apportionment.

Reducing a £1m historic VAT assessment
Challenge
HMRC assessed our client for £1m of historic unpaid VAT. Our client had undergone restructuring and had little hard evidence to determine the VAT paid and the correct VAT due.
What we did
After building a full understanding of the situation, we provided reasoning to demonstrate to HMRC that the historic VAT due was substantially less.
Outcome
Our client’s unpaid VAT bill fell to £25,000 from £1,000,000.

Securing a binding VAT decision from HMRC
Challenge
Our client had submitted a clearance request to HMRC to get clarity on an uncertain VAT point. HMRC rarely provide VAT clearances and did not provide one to our client.
What we did
We submitted a clearance request to HMRC in a manner that they could not legally avoid granting.
Outcome
Our client received a binding decision from HMRC as well as peace of mind.
Contact Luigi
Frequently Asked Questions: VAT
Who is this service for?
This service is designed for businesses, charities and not-for-profit organisations facing complex or high-value VAT issues. It is particularly relevant to organisations operating in sectors such as property, education, financial services, insurance and international trade. Whether you need support with VAT compliance, transaction planning, VAT recovery or HMRC enquiries, specialist advice can help reduce risk and improve outcomes.
When should I seek VAT advice?
You should seek VAT advice before any major transaction, restructuring, property project, new income stream or HMRC enquiry. VAT treatment can significantly affect costs, cash flow and commercial viability, and problems are often far easier to prevent than correct later. Early advice can provide certainty and help avoid unexpected VAT liabilities.
Do all businesses need to register for VAT?
No, not all businesses are required to register for VAT. Registration depends on factors such as taxable turnover, business activities and HMRC registration requirements. Some organisations choose to register voluntarily because it allows them to recover VAT on eligible costs and may enhance their credibility with customers and suppliers.
Can businesses reclaim VAT on their costs?
Businesses can generally reclaim VAT on costs that relate to taxable business activities, provided they hold the correct supporting documentation. However, VAT recovery is not always straightforward. Restrictions may apply to certain expenses, exempt activities, property transactions and mixed-use costs, making specialist review valuable in complex situations.
What is partial exemption and why does it matter?
Partial exemption applies when an organisation makes both taxable and exempt supplies. In these cases, not all input VAT can be recovered. This is a common issue for property businesses, financial services firms, education providers and charities. Incorrect calculations can lead to lost VAT recovery opportunities or challenges from HMRC.
Can VAT planning improve cash flow?
Yes, effective VAT planning can improve cash flow by accelerating VAT recovery, avoiding unnecessary VAT costs and ensuring transactions are structured efficiently. This can be particularly important for businesses undertaking acquisitions, property developments, international expansion or major capital projects where VAT can have a significant financial impact.
What happens if HMRC challenges my VAT position?
If HMRC challenges your VAT treatment, it may request additional information, open an enquiry or issue an assessment. Responding quickly with appropriate evidence and technical support can often help resolve disputes and reduce potential liabilities. Taking advice early can also strengthen your position before issues escalate.
Can you help reduce a VAT assessment from HMRC?
Yes. We regularly assist organisations facing VAT assessments and HMRC enquiries. By reviewing the technical position, gathering evidence and presenting robust arguments, it is often possible to reduce or eliminate proposed liabilities and reach a more favourable outcome.
What about historic VAT issues?
Historic VAT issues can often be corrected through reviews, disclosures, adjustments or claims for previously unclaimed VAT. We help organisations identify errors, recover overpaid VAT where possible and work with HMRC to resolve historic liabilities in a practical and commercially focused way.
How does Making Tax Digital affect VAT compliance?
Making Tax Digital (MTD) requires VAT-registered organisations to maintain digital records and submit VAT returns using compatible software. Businesses relying on manual processes should regularly review their systems to ensure compliance with HMRC requirements and reduce the risk of reporting errors.
Do you advise on international VAT matters?
Yes. We advise on a wide range of international VAT issues, including supply chain planning, VAT groups, place of supply rules, cross-border transactions and overseas VAT obligations. We also work with trusted advisers in multiple jurisdictions where local expertise is required.
Do you advise on land and property VAT issues?
Yes. Property VAT is one of the most complex areas of the UK VAT regime, and we have extensive experience advising on acquisitions, disposals, development projects and ongoing property management. We also advise on Transfer of a Going Concern (TOGC) transactions, conversions, renovations, the DIY Housebuilder Scheme and the Capital Goods Scheme.
Is a zero-rated supply the same as an exempt supply?
No. Zero-rated and exempt supplies are treated differently for VAT purposes. Zero-rated supplies are taxable supplies charged at 0%, meaning associated VAT costs can often still be recovered. Exempt supplies generally restrict the recovery of related input VAT. Confusing these two categories is one of the most common causes of VAT errors.
How do you approach a new VAT issue?
We begin by understanding the organisation’s objectives, commercial circumstances and desired outcome. We then combine technical VAT expertise with sector-specific experience to develop practical solutions that protect cash flow, reduce costs, minimise risk and provide certainty where complex VAT rules apply.

